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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is widely known for causing joint pain, stiffness, and swelling. However, this autoimmune condition can also lead to a variety of less obvious symptoms affecting other parts of the body. Recognizing these unusual signs early can make a significant difference in managing your health effectively.
Skin Changes and Nodules Beyond joint issues, about 30% of people with RA develop firm, painless lumps called rheumatoid nodules under the skin, often on pressure points like elbows or heels. Less common skin issues include rashes resembling eczema, reddish palms, dry skin, or ulcers. In rare cases, inflammation of blood vessels—vasculitis—can cause painful rashes, nerve pain, and fever.
Lung and Heart Involvement Lung-related symptoms may include fluid around the lungs (pleural effusion), causing chest pain, shortness of breath, and cough. Interstitial lung disease, which results in scar tissue in the lungs, affects around 21% of RA patients and can be serious. Heart risks include increased chances of artery hardening (atherosclerosis), pericarditis (inflammation of the heart’s outer sac), and other heart issues that may cause chest pain or irregular heartbeat.
Eye and Nerve Symptoms Dry eyes and mouth are common among RA sufferers, but some may experience redness, pain, blurred vision, or light sensitivity. Nerve compression due to joint damage can lead to numbness, tingling, or pain similar to carpal tunnel syndrome.
Other Less Common Symptoms RA can also impact immune function, leading to Felty syndrome, which reduces infection-fighting cells and increases infection risk. Bone density may decrease, raising the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Some individuals may experience hearing loss over time, possibly due to inflammation or medication effects.
Managing and When to Seek Help If you notice any unusual symptoms outside of joint pain, consult your rheumatologist. Regular checkups are essential for early detection and treatment. Seek immediate medical attention for severe symptoms like sudden chest pain, intense eye pain, or sudden vision changes.
Remember, while RA primarily affects joints, it can impact other organs and systems. Staying vigilant and working closely with your healthcare provider is key to maintaining your overall health and well-being.
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