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Nurse-to-Patient Ratio: Why is it Important?

December 30, 2022
To ensure patient safety, nurses play an essential role in providing direct patient care while ensuring the health of patients. In addition to providing a constant presence at the bedside, nurses are also regularly interacting with physicians, pharmacists, families, and other members of the health care team and they play a huge role in the timely coordination of care and communicating the patient's condition to all members of the team. 

Among the many tasks nurses perform to ensure patient safety, they monitor patients for clinical deterioration, identify errors and near misses, understand care processes and weaknesses in some systems, identify changes in patient condition, and perform countless other tasks.

Nursing staff who are responsible for too many patients are at risk of becoming stressed out and making medical mistakes as a result of being in charge of a hectic patient panel, according to the Committee on Nursing Responsibilities. The Massachusetts Nurses Association commissioned a survey in 2018 that found nearly three-quarters of registered nurses feel their workload is impacted by too many patients being assigned at the same time. 


What is the Nurse-to-Patient Ratio?

To ensure the safety of patients at the bedside, nursing staff must maintain a high level of vigilance at all times. Assigning more and more patients eventually compromises a nurse's ability to provide safe care. Nurse staffing is influenced by many factors, including patient acuity, admission numbers, transfers, discharges, the skill mix and expertise of the staff, the physical layout of the nursing unit, and the availability of technology.

Currently, only California has a legal requirement to maintain nurse-to-patient ratios at all times. In certain cases, such as working in a critical care unit or having patients in an emergency department receive treatment at the same time, the ratio of nurses to patients must always be 1:2 or fewer, as the law specifies. The ratio of nurses to patients in a critical care unit must always be 1:2 or fewer at all times.


Why is Low Staffing in Healthcare a Cause for Concern?

Low Staffing can trickle down onto the overall health, safety, and well-being of not only the healthcare workers but the patients as well. Nursing workload and patient safety are interrelated in more ways than one. In addition to nursing workload, patient outcomes are likely to be affected as well. 

Despite adequate nurse staffing, increased patient turnover was also linked to increased mortality risk in the PSNet Classic 2011 study. There are some factors to consider when determining when nurses are adequately staffed, and a lot of these factors vary from shift to shift. A good patient-centered approach requires close coordination between management and nursing and is based on several factors such as patient acuity and turnover, the availability of support staff and skill mix, and the location of the patient. 


What is Nurse Burnout and How Does it Affect Patients?

In nursing, nurse burnout is characterized by a reduction in nurses' energy levels, which can manifest as feelings of emotional exhaustion, a lack of motivation, and feelings of frustration, which can lead to a reduction in their ability to carry out their tasks effectively. 

There is no doubt that nurse burnout is a substantial concern for everyone, including nurses, employers, and patients. In addition to the risk of developing depressive disorders and other mental health conditions, nurses themselves are also vulnerable to quitting their jobs due to mental health issues. A decrease in the quality of patient care can have a detrimental effect on the reputation of an institution and the bottom line of its business. Burnout among nurses can have a direct impact on the health of patients.

A study conducted by Marshall University showed that nurse-to-patient ratios that exceeded 1:4 not only showed a heightened percentage of burnout but also showed a 7% increase in hospital mortality for each patient that was added to that ratio. 


What is the Best Way to Improve Nurse-to-Patient Safety?

With all the concerns related to an imbalance in nurse-to-patient ratios, it’s best to identify ways to improve the overall safety of both the nurse and the patient. Safety is the utmost priority of every healthcare provider and every organization should consider its metrics for implementing safety in their work environment. 

To promote standardization of care within each department, staffing plans support the development of a schedule that addresses the specific needs of each department. A healthcare organization that has established a staffing strategy will be able to ensure the staffing decisions they make are based on the most common factors, such as the acuity of the patient; the number of admissions and discharges; and the level of expertise of the nurses.

It has been shown that maintaining appropriate nurse staffing levels is associated with numerous benefits including improving patient satisfaction, reducing readmissions, and reducing nurse fatigue, all of which have the added benefit of ensuring the retention of nurses. If the goal is to find a way to reduce costs, then fewer nurses are not the solution if you are looking for a way to do this. Having a lower nurse-to-patient ratio will save money, but will be negated by the penalties that will be imposed if care quality standards are not met by a lower nurse-to-patient ratio.
 

Contact BrightStar Care Howard County Today!

We’re passionate about matching the best caregivers with families who need specialized care. We provide medical staffing suitable for the needs of your loved ones. If you’re interested in learning more about our services or finding a caregiver for your loved one, contact BrightStar Care today. 

If you have questions regarding our services in Howard County, MD, or want to book a free home visit, please contact us at 410-910-9425. Our website also includes a contact form that you can use to get in touch with us. It will be a pleasure to meet you and your family, and we look forward to providing you with the care and support you need.